Physical Effects
Stress response (neuroendocrine response) is activated.
Resistance to infection is lowered due to surgical incision.
Vascular system is disturbed due to severing of blood vessels and blood loss.
Organ function may be altered due to manipulation.
Psychologic Effects
Common fears: pain, anesthesia, loss of control, disfigurement, separation from loved ones,
alterations in roles or life-style
Diagnosis
NURSING DIAGNOSES
Based on the assessment data, major preoperative nursing diagnoses of the surgical patient
may include the following:
- Anxiety related to the surgical experience (anesthesia, pain) and the outcome of surgery
- Fear related to perceived threat of the surgical procedure and separation from support system
- Knowledge deficit of preoperative procedures and protocols and postoperative expectations
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